Glipizid
Klassificering: BATC kod: A10BB07
Sammanfattning
Vissa studier indikerar att kvinnor har högre risk att få hypoglykemi vid antidiabetikabehandling än män. Det saknas publicerade kontrollerade studier för glipizid om skillnader i dosering och behandling mellan kvinnor och män.
Additional information
Pharmacokinetics and dosing
No studies with a clinically relevant sex analysis regarding the pharmacokinetics or dosing of glipizide have been found.
Effects
No studies with a clinically relevant sex analysis regarding the effects of glipizide have been found.
Adverse effects
The ACCORD study (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) was a randomized, controlled trial designed to test the effect of intensive glucose control compared with standard control on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study showed that women had a higher risk of hypoglycemia than men regardless of treatment in general [1].The risk of hypoglycemia in patients treated with a combination of metformin and glipizide or sitagliptin was evaluated in a German study (694 men, 478 women). In patients treated with metformin and glipizide, more women experienced confirmed or severe hypoglycemia than men [2]. The frequency of hypoglycemia events was investigated in patients 66 years or older using sulfonylureas, i.e. glipizide or glibenclamide (also called glyburide). The participants also filled a prescription for one of the 16 most commonly prescribed antimicrobials for this population (n=44,991 male prescriptions, n=88,544 female prescriptions). There was no significant interaction between patient sex on the odds of subsequent hypoglycemia [3].
Reproductive health issues
Regarding teratogenic aspects, please consult Janusmed Drugs and Birth Defects (in Swedish, Janusmed fosterpåverkan).
Försäljning på recept
Fler män än kvinnor hämtade ut tabletter innehållande glipzid (ATC-kod A10BB07) på recept i Sverige år 2019, totalt 9 010 män och 5 802 kvinnor. Det motsvarar 1,8 respektive 1,1 personer per tusen invånare. Andelen som hämtat ut läkemedel var högst i åldersgruppen 70 år och äldre hos båda könen. I genomsnitt var tabletter innehållande glipzid 1,6 gånger vanligare hos män [4]. Detta speglar könsskillnaden i prevalens av typ 2-diabetes [5].
Uppdaterat: 2020-10-06
Litteratursökningsdatum: 2020-07-09
Referenser
- Miller ME, Bonds DE, Gerstein HC, Seaquist ER, Bergenstal RM, Calles-Escandon J et al. The effects of baseline characteristics, glycaemia treatment approach, and glycated haemoglobin concentration on the risk of severe hypoglycaemia: post hoc epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ. 2010;340:b5444. PubMed
- Krobot KJ, Ferrante SA, Davies MJ, Seck T, Meininger GE, Williams-Herman D et al. Lower risk of hypoglycemia with sitagliptin compared to glipizide when either is added to metformin therapy: a pre-specified analysis adjusting for the most recently measured HbA(1c) value. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012;28:1281-7. PubMed
- Parekh TM, Raji M, Lin YL, Tan A, Kuo YF, Goodwin JS. Hypoglycemia after antimicrobial drug prescription for older patients using sulfonylureas. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174(10):1605-12. PubMed
- Statistikdatabas för läkemedel. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen. 2019 [cited 2020-03-10.] länk
- Jansson SP, Fall K, Brus O, Magnuson A, Wändell P, Östgren CJ et al. Prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus: a nationwide population-based pharmaco-epidemiological study in Sweden. Diabet Med. 2015;32(10):1319-28. PubMed
Faktagranskat av: Carl-Olav Stiller
Godkänt av: Karin Schenck-Gustafsson