Clomipramine
Summary
Hazard 6* P 3 B 0 T 3* Risk See below
The T-value in the score for hazard refers to acute toxicity. Underlying data for P, B and T are from Fass.
Fass environmental information
Fass environmental information for Anafranil (clomipramine) (downloaded date 2018-10-05).
Hazard
Persistence: "34 % degradation in 28 days, not readily biodegradable (OECD 301E). [---] According to the pass criteria for OECD301 studies, klomipramin can be classified as ‘Klomipramin is potentially persistent'."
Bioaccumulation: Log P = 2.1 (23°C, experimentally determined; method unknown).
Acute toxicity: There is data for 2 trophic levels, lowest fish (Danio rerio, zebrafish) 430 microg/L.
Risk
Sales data are presented in Sweden for 2016. "No PNEC can be calculated since there is not sufficient environmental toxicity data available, therefore the phrase "Risk of environmental impact of klomipramin cannot be excluded, since there is not sufficient ecotoxicity data available." is used."
Pharmaceutical analyses of water in Stockholm County and nationally respective in fish
Clomipramine has been found in purified wastewater at concentrations up to 3 ng/L in Stockholm County during the last five-year period (2012–2016) and in Swedish purified wastewater at concentrations up to 49 ng/L.
In the Swedish national screening programme, clomipramine levels have been found in fish up to 8.1 microg/kg.
Report Goodpoint 2018
Comparative assessment of environmental risk in the use of citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, paroxetine and clomipramine in Sweden.
Overall, there is a risk profile for the studied antidepressants.
Clomipramine has been found in spiders
Clomipramine was one of the top 5 most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in spiders (article Richmond et al. 2018).
References
- Fass.se för vårdpersonal
- Goodpoint. Jämförande bedömning av miljörisk vid användning av citalopram, escitalopram, sertralin, fluoxetin, venlafaxin, paroxetin och klomipramin. Stockholm: Goodpoint; 2018.
- SLL. Sammanställning av läkemedelsprovtagningar - Bearbetning av regional försäljningsstatistik av läkemedel samt datamaterial från Stockholms läns landstings mätprogram för läkemedelssubstanser i vattenmiljö, 2012–2016.
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd. Fick J, Lindberg RH, Kaj L, Brorström-Lundén E. Results from the Swedish National Screening Programme 2010. Subreport 3, B 2014 Pharmaceuticals.
- Richmond EK, Rosi EJ, Walters DM, Fick J, Hamilton SK, Brodin T et al. A diverse suite of pharmaceuticals contaminates stream and riparian food webs. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):4491.
Author: Health and Medical Care Administration, Region Stockholm