Codeine

Summary

Hazard - P - B 0 T - Risk See below

Underlying data for P, B and T are from Fass. Data for B is also supported by the Goodpoint 2016 report.

Fass environmental information

Fass environmental information for Citodon (codeine, paracetamol) (downloaded 2019-02-13).

Hazard

Persistence: "The potential for persistence of codeine cannot be excluded, due to lack of data."

Bioaccumulation: log K_ow = 1.14.

Toxicity: No data.

Risk

"The risk of environmental impact of codeine cannot be excluded, since no ecotoxicity data are available."

Report from Goodpoint 2016

The knowledge about the presence of codeine in Swedish waters and the impact on aquatic organisms is poor. Low potential for bioaccumulation.

Analyzes of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment in Stockholm County

Codeine has been detected in treated wastewater in Stockholm County in the last five years (2012-2016).

Codeine has been found in spiders

Codeine was one of the top 5 most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in spiders (article Richmond et al. 2018).